Nur Izzati Binti Jeafree - 72545
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Facts
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Ideas
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Learning
issues
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Actions
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Our
children are
always
tired,
abdomen
started
to
swell, arm and
leg
have become
thin,
hair started
to
grow yellow
reddish,
not like
to
eat and sleepy.
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The
physical
changes
show
that
the
person is
not
in a good
condition.
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1.
What are the
factors
of
malnutrition?
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·
Malnutrition results
from a poor diet or a lack of food. It happens when the intake of nutrients or
energy is too high, too low, or poorly balanced. Under nutrition can lead to
delayed growth or wasting, while a diet that provides too much food, but not
necessarily balanced, leads to obesity
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We feed our
family
the same
as
all families,
sweet
potatoes,
bananas
and
cassava.
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They are
required
to
consume
the
appropriate
nutrients
according
to
the food
pyramid
with
the
Correct
amounts
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1.
What is the
importance
of
these
foods?
2.
What is the
effect
of this
food
to our
body
if we
take
it in
certain
amount?
3.
What class of
food
does this
food
belongs
to?
4.
What are the
foods
that they
need
to be
healthy
?
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·
cassava is
calories-rich vegetable that contain carbohydrates, vitamin and minerals. it
is a good source of vitamin C niacin and thiamine.
·
banana rich in
potassium and fiber. it can help to prevent asthma, cancer, high blood
pressure and diabetes and also digestive problems.
·
sweet potatoes are
rich source of fiber, vitamins and minerals. in content vitamin B and C.
·
one of the key
nutrition benefit of sweet potatoes are they are high in antioxidant which
convert vitamin A once they are consumed.
·
high amount of
dietary oxalate in sweet potatoes can development of calcium-oxalate kidney
stones. while cassava can be a toxic to cancer cell since it content cyanide.
last is banana, if our kidney not function properly with high intake of
banana will make the kidneys to remove the excess from the blood.
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The
health
worker
measured
Kananga’s
arm
and
showed the
tape
with 3
colours
(red,
green
and
yellow).
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Mid-uppe
r
arm
circumfer
ence
can
accuratel
y
assess
malnutriti
on
than
weight-b
ased
measures
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1.
What is the
name
of this
method?
2.
What are the
advantages
of
this
method?
3.
What are other
methods
that
can
be used to
diagnose
one
with
malnutrition?
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·
Mid-upper arm
circumference (MUAC) is a quick and simple way to determine whether or not a
child is malnourished using a simple colored plastic strip. MUAC is suitable
to use on children from the age of 12 months up to the age of 59
months. However, it can also be used for children over six months with
length above 65 cm.
·
MUAC is a better
indicator of mortality risk associated with malnutrition
than Weight-for-Height. It is therefore a better measure to identify children
most in need of treatment. It is less prone to mistakes.
Comparative studies have shown that MUAC is subject to fewer errors
than Weight-for-Height.
·
Others method used
o
Body Mass Index- Body
Mass Index is popularly known in its short form, BMI
o
Waist Circumference-High
risk waist circumferences are: For men -> 40 inches (> 102 cm) For
women -> 35 inches (> 88 cm) 3.
o
Weight for Age In
this assessment-children are classified as 1, 2 or 3 degree malnutrition,
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Need
medical
treatment
if she
could
not get it
she
could become
sicker
and can
die.
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The
type of
medical
treatment
will
depend
on
the
severity
of
the
malnutrition
,
and the
presence
of
any
underlying
conditions
to
make the
person
become
more
better.
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1.
How long does
it
take for one
to
die from
malnutrition?
2.
What kind of
medical
treatments
are
available
to
Treat
malnutrition?
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·
Severe symptoms of starvation
begin around 35-40 days. Death can occur at around 45 to 61 days
·
Medical treatment .
o
In some patients a
tube may be surgically implanted directly into the stomach. It opens outside
over the abdomen. This is called a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy, or
PEG, tube. Nutrients in the form of liquids may be given via PEG tubes. This
is useful in patients with esophageal cancers or other pathologies that make
feeding via the mouth and esophagus difficult. These last for around two
years and may be replaced thereafter.
o Children
with severe malnutrition need therapy in the hospital. This includes
parenteral nutrition and slow introduction of nutrients by mouth. Once their
condition stabilises then they can gradually be introduced to a normal diet.
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Her
stomach does
not
work properly
anymore
and
giving
them
normal
food
could
make them
very
ill.
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Food
with poor
quality
and
nutrition
make
the
body
becomes
weaker.
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1.
What
happened
to
the
body
system?
2.
What is the
treatment
for
this
problem?
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·
Gastroparesis is a
long-term (chronic) condition where the stomach cannot empty in the
normal way. Food passes through the stomach slower than usual.It's
thought to be the result of a problem with the nerves and muscles that
control how the stomach empties.If these nerves are damaged, the muscles of
your stomach may not work properly and the movement of food can slow down.
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We learned that
malnutrition
is
caused
when you
do
not eat enough
food
or you do
not
eat the right
variety
of food.
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Food
pyramid
is
important
for
humans
to
know
the
quantity
and
quality
of
foods.
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1.
What is the
long
term
effect
of this
problem?
2.
What are the
types
of
malnutrition?
3.
How to
prevent
malnutrition?
4.
Does
malnutrition
affect
the brain
or
other
organs?
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·
Malnutrition can
lead to the development of diseases and chronic health
conditions. Long-term effects of undernutrition include a higher
risk of obesity, heart disease and diabetes
·
Malnutrition, if left
untreated, can lead to physical or mental disability, or
even death. Children who are overweight have an increased risk for
long-term conditions and diseases, including cardiovascular disease, high
cholesterol , high blood pressure, type 2 diabetes, asthma , sleep apnea, and
certain cancers.
·
A healthy balanced
diet is recommended for prevention of malnutrition. There are four major food
groups that include:
o Bread,
rice, potatoes, and other starchy foods.
o Milk
and dairy foods – Vital sources of fats and simple sugars like lactose as
well as minerals like Calcium
o Fruit
and vegetables – Vital sources of vitamins and minerals as well as fiber and
roughag
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Muscles and Bones
1. Posture: Muscles and bones are needed to
help keep you upright. If they are weak, you may strain your neck, back, and
shoulder muscles, causing you to feel pain.
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Immune System and
Healing
1.Healing: Your body’s nutrition influences
your recovery, since wounds need energy, protein, vitamins, and minerals to
heal.
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Organs
1.
Brain: Nutrient deficiencies may speed up the rate at which your brain
loses neurons, which can impair your speech, coordination, and memory.
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Kananga
would
need
to get
special
food from
the
clinic.
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Getting
more
information
about
the
nutritious
food
from
the
doctor
for
healthy
lifestyle
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1.
What kind of
food
is it?
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Medicines
o domperidone
– which is taken before eating to contract your stomach muscles and help move
food along
o erythromycin
– an antibiotic that also helps contract
the stomach and may help move food along
o anti-emetics
– medicines that can help to stop you from feeling or being sick
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It is not about the
quantity
of food
you
eat but also
the
quality.
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A lot of
quantity
foods
can
make
person
suffered
by
another
disease
but
quality
foods
give
more
nutrients
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1.
How do we
know
that our
food
is at the
best
quality?
2.
How does an
imbalance
diet
affect
our
health?
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·
The quality of food
that is acceptable to consumers include external factors as size, shape and colour
, texture and flavour.
·
Imbalanced diet can
lead to bone fractures, heart disease, bleeding gums and early death.
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Keep
breast-feeding
Kananga
until she
is
2 years old
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children
who
are
breastfeed
have
a lower
rate
of
certain
illnesses
as
they
grow
up
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What
are the
breast-feeding
?
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·
A lack of
breastfeeding may contribute, as may a number of
infectious diseases such as: gastroenteritis, pneumonia, malaria,
and measles, which increase nutrient requirements.
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