No.
|
FACT(S)
|
IDEA(S)
|
LEARNING
ISSUE(S)
|
ACTION PLAN(S)
|
1.
|
Having sign of malnutrition
|
The
importance of balance diet
|
1. What
is malnutrition?
2. What
kind of food we should take to cure malnutrition?
|
·
Lack of proper nutrition, caused by not having
enough to eat, not eating enough of right things, or being unable to use the
food that one does eat.
·
Lack of nutrients in our diet, either due to a
poor diet or problem absorbing nutrients from food. Certain things can
increase a person risk of becoming malnourished.
·
Plenty of fruit and vegetables, bread, rice
and other starchy foods and some dairy food such as milk.
|
2.
|
Measuring tape with red, yellow
and green
|
Malnutrition identification
|
1. What
is the meaning of colour on the tape?
2. How
to check the malnutrition level?
|
·
Red colour indicates Severe Acute Malnutrition
(SAM). The child should be immediately referred for treatment.
·
Red colour or orange colour, indicates
Moderate Acute Malnutrition (MAM). The child should be immediately referred
for supplementation.
·
Yellow colour indicates that the child is at
risk of acute malnutrition and should be counselled and followed-up for
Growth promotion and Monitoring (GPM).
·
Green colour indicates that the child is well
nourished.
·
We can check the malnutrition level by using
the tape or other option we can use laboratory data to evaluate the
nutritional status.
|
3.
|
Become more sick and even die
if don’t get medical treatment and being given special food
|
The importance of balance diet
|
1. How
to treat malnutrition?
2. How
malnutrition can cause death?
3. What
happen if we take too much or too little quantity of vitamins?
4. What
type of special food and vitamin being given by the doctor?
|
·
To treat malnutrition we need to take dietary
changes such as eating foods high in energy and nutrients.
·
Malnutrition can cause death when reach
starvation level.
·
Starvation is a severe deficiency in caloric
energy intake, below the level needed to maintain an organism’s life. It is
the most extreme form of malnutrition. In humans, prolonged starvation can
cause permanent organ damage and eventually death.
·
Death can occur at around 45 to 61 days, but
as for being deprived of water, if you are reasonably healthy person it can
take only about seven days to die.
·
We can’t take too much or too little quantity
of vitamins because it will affect the effectiveness of the vitamin so we
need to take the vitamin by following the quantity that already being
prescribed by the doctor.
·
The special food that being given by the
doctor is type of food that following food pyramid that is important in our
daily food intake.
|
4.
|
Malnutrition can stop children
growing tall and strong and effect how well they do at school
|
The role of co-factors and vitamins in metabolism
|
1. How
malnutrition affect the brain activity?
2. How
cofactors works with vitamin that contributes to the children growth.
|
·
Malnutrition can cause decrease in brain
volume, number of neurons, synapses, dendrites and reactive zones.
·
The greatest effect of malnutrition on brain
development is experienced during the time of rapid brain growth.
·
Vitamins and minerals that make up part of
enzymes are referred to as coenzymes and cofactors respectively. Coenzymes
and cofactors are required by enzymes to catalyze a specific reaction. This
wills help the children growth.
|
5.
|
Breastfeeding Kananga until 2 years old
|
Importance of breastfeed
|
1. What
is nutritional value of breast milk?
2. Why
is it important to breastfeed until 2 years old?
|
·
Breast milk naturally contains many of the
vitamins and minerals that a newborn requires.
·
Thiamin, riboflavin, niacin and panthothenic
acid can be found in breast milk at levels that depend on the woman diet.
·
Breastfeed until 2 years old is important to
the child this is because from the available information indicates that breastfeeding
continues to be a valuable source of nutrition and disease protection for as
long as breastfeeding continues.
|
6.
|
The quantity and quality of
food that they take
|
The food that rich in the co-factors and vitamin
in metabolism
|
1. What
is the suitable portion of food that they should take daily?
2. What
is super food?
|
·
The suitable food that they should take is
portion of food that contain all the nutrition need by the body to do all the
activity in daily live.
·
They should take food by following the food pyramid.
·
Super food is a nutrient-rich food considered
to be especially beneficial for health and well-being.
·
There are seven super foods that we need for a
longer and healthier life that is fish, yogurt, chocolate, nuts, olive oil,
eggs and blueberries.
|
Siti Aminah Maisarah - 72673
No.
|
FACT(S)
|
IDEA(S)
|
LEARNING
ISSUE(S)
|
ACTION PLAN(S)
|
1.
|
Abdomen started to swell, arms and legs got very
thin ,rib poking through chest ,hair gets yellow-reddish colour, hair fall
out and no appetite
|
Symptoms
of malnourish
|
1.What are the vitamins that are essential for our
body?
|
1. The 13 essential vitamins your body
needs are vitamins A, C, D, E, K and the B vitamins: thiamine (B1),
riboflavin (B2), niacin (B3), pantothenic acid (B5), pyroxidine (B6), biotin
(B7), folate (B9) and cobalamin (B12).
|
2.
|
17 years old changes too as his grades drop,
sleepy in class .
|
Different age have different nutrient requirement.
|
2.Is
there any relation between different range of age and their nutritional need?
|
2.Various groups of people have different
nutritional needs, with the primary differentiation being among people of
different ages and developmental stages. Infants, toddlers, older children,
adults, and the elderly all have different nutritional needs. Other groups
include pregnant and lactating women and people who have certain health
conditions. The most effective way of determining individual needs is to
discuss nutrition with a doctor or licensed nutritionist,
although there are general rules of thumb that can be followed for nutrition
for each group
|
3.
|
All causes is mainly because of the food
consumption as it shows sign of malnourish .
|
Food is major components of nutrient.
|
3.How does the food consumption affect all the
symptoms?
|
3.Not enough nutrient because the food that
Kananga and her brother took are not following the food pyramid consumption.
|
4.
|
Treatment is required if not it will get worse and
die. If malnourish ,the stomach is not working well hence special food is
given.
|
Treatment
is needed if necessary.
|
4.What are the treatment associated to
malnutrition?
5.Who
to seek if there is a problem related to malnutrition?
|
4. Treatment types
The type of treatment will depend on the severity
of the malnutrition.
- The healthcare provider will prepare a targeted
care plan, with specific aims for treatment. There will normally be a feeding
program with a specially planned diet, and possibly some additional
nutritional supplements.
-People with severe malnourishment or absorption
problems may need artificial nutritional support, either through a tube or
intravenously.
The patient will be closely monitored for
progress, and their treatment will be regularly reviewed to ensure their
nutritional needs are being met.
5.Dietitian
-A dietitian will discuss healthful food choices
and dietary patterns with the patient, to encourage them to consume a
healthy, nutritious diet with the right number of calories. Those who are
undernourished may need additional calories to start with.
|
5.
|
Malnourish can happen when we do not eat variety
of food (balance diet).It is not only causes by quantity of food but also
quality.
|
Importance of food variation and healthy diet is
not only depends on quantity but also on the quality of the food.
|
6.Why
is it important to have a balance diet?
|
6.A balanced diet is important because your organs
and tissues need proper nutrition to
work effectively. Without good nutrition, your body is more prone to disease,
infection, fatigue,
and poor performance. Children with a poor diet run the risk of growth and developmental
problems and poor academic performance, and bad
eating habits can persist for the rest of their lives.
|
6.
|
Malnourish can stop growth and if happen to child
under 2 years old, the effect can be permanent. Children who suffer
malnourish tend to get diseases, cholera, diarrhea or malaria.
|
Effects of malnutrition at different age.
|
7.Does different age have different effect because
of lack of nutrition?
|
7.It does show different effect.
-Children may show a
lack of growth, and they may be tired and irritable. Behavioral and
intellectual development may be slow, possibly resulting in learning
difficulties.
Even with treatment, there can be long-term
effects on mental function, and digestive problems may persist. In some
cases, these may be lifelong.
-Adults with severe undernourishment that started
during adulthood usually make a full recovery with treatment.
|
7.
|
3 family food which are protein,carbohydrates fruits and vegetables.Breastfeeding for age
under 2. After 6 months,then can start adding balance diet.
|
The importance of balance diet and breastfeeding
for a healthy growth.
|
8.What are the nutrients that contain in
each family food?
9.What happens if lack intake of these 3 family
food?
10.Why breastfeeding is important?
|
8-Carbohydrates function to gives energy for daily
activity.
-Proteins function as building blocks for bones,
muscles, cartilage, skin, and blood. They are also building blocks for enzymes,
hormones, and vitamins. Proteins are one of three nutrients that provide
calories (the others are fat and carbohydrates)
-Fruits and vegetables are rich in many nutrients
such as potassium, folate,and vitamins A and C. Diets rich in potassium may
help to maintain healthy blood pressure. Folate (folic acid) helps the body
form red blood cells.
-Vegetables are primary sources of essential vitamins and minerals
9.Lack of nutrient and body will become weak .
10. Infants’ nutritional requirements are small
compared to older children and adults, but they still have very specific
nutritional demands. Breast milk is
the healthiest and most natural food for infants because it is specially
formulated for a human baby. It also contains antibodies to enhance an
infant’s frail immune system in
the early months, and it is easier to digest than manufactured formulas.
Mothers who are unable to breastfeed can use an artificial substitute and
still provide adequate nutrition for her child. Either of these options should
be used exclusively for the first four to six months of age, at which point
baby food can be supplemented up until the first year.
|
Nur Izzati Binti Jeafree-72545
No.
|
FACT(S)
|
IDEA(S)
|
LEARNING ISSUE(S)
|
ACTION PLAN(S)
|
||||||||||||
1.
|
Our
children are always tired, abdomen started to swell, arm and leg have become thin, hair
started to grow yellow reddish, not like to eat and sleepy.
|
The
physical changes show that the
person is not in a good condition
|
1. What
are the factors of malnutrition?
|
Malnutrition results
from a poor diet or a lack of food. It happens when the intake of nutrients
or energy is too high, too low, or poorly balanced. Under nutrition can lead
to delayed growth or wasting, while a diet that provides too much food, but
not necessarily balanced, leads to obesity.
|
||||||||||||
2.
|
We feed
our family the sameas all
families, sweet potatoes, bananas and cassava.
|
They are required to consume the appropriate
nutrients according to the food pyramid
with the correct
amounts
|
1.What
is the importance of these foods?
2.What
is the effect of this food
to our body if we take it in certain amount?
3.What
class of food does this food
belongs to?
4.What
are the foods that they need
to be healthy ?
|
l
Cassava is a calorie-rich vegetable that contains
plenty of carbohydrate and key vitamins and minerals. Cassava is a
good source of vitamin C, thiamine, riboflavin, and niacin.Eating raw cassava could kill
you.Bitter cassava contains high levels of linamarin and lotaustralin,
compounds capable of releasing toxic hydrogen cyanide.Bananas are rich
in potassium and fiber. They may help prevent asthma, cancer, high blood
pressure, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and digestive problems.Sweet potatoes are
a rich source of fibre,vitamins and minerals including iron, calcium,
selenium, and vitamins B andC. One of the key nutritional benefits of sweet potato
is that they're high in an antioxidant known as beta-carotene, which converts
to vitamin A once consumed. Add a drizzle of olive oil just before serving to
increase your absorption of beneficial beta-carotene. Bananas are radioactive,you will certainly die
from radiation poisoning if you are able to eat 10,000,000 bananas at once.
You may also witness chronic symptoms if you eat 274 bananas a day for seven
years.
l high
amount of dietary oxalate in sweet potatoesdevelopment of calcium-oxalate kidney stones, the
most common type of kidney stone.Cassava might be toxic to cancer cells due to
its cyanide content.In case your kidneys
don’t function properly, low banana. Too much potassium in your diet can
strain your kidneys to remove the excess from your blood. This can be very
dangerous.
|
||||||||||||
3.
|
The
health worker measured Kananga’s and showed tape with 3 colors
(green, yellow, red)
|
Mid-upper
arm circumference can accurately accurately assess malnutrition than
weight-based measures
|
1.What
is the name of this method?
2.What
is the advantages of this method?
3.What
are the other method that can be used to diagnose one with malnutrition?
|
l Mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) is a quick and
simple way to determine whether or not a child is malnourished using a simple
colored plastic strip. MUAC is suitable to use on children from the age of 12
months up to the age of 59 months. However, it can also be used for
children over six months with length above 65 cm.
l MUAC is a better
indicator of mortality risk associated with malnutrition
than Weight-for-Height. It is therefore a better measure to identify children
most in need of treatment. It is less prone to mistakes.
Comparative studies have shown that MUAC is subject to fewer errors
than Weight-for-Height.
l Others method used
1. Body Mass Index- Body Mass Index
is popularly known in its short form, BMI
2. Waist
Circumference-High risk waist circumferences are: For men
-> 40 inches (> 102 cm) For women -> 35 inches (> 88 cm) 3.
Weight
for Age In this assessment-children
are classified as 1, 2 or 3 degree malnutrition
|
||||||||||||
4.
|
Need
medical treatment if she could not get it she could become sicker and die.
|
The type of medical
treatment will depend on
the severity of
the malnutrition ,and the presence of any underlying conditions to
make the person become
more better.
|
1.How
long does it take for one to die from malnutrition?
2.What
kind of treatment are available to treat malnutrition?
|
l Severe symptoms of starvation begin around 35-40
days. Death can occur at around 45 to 61 days
l Medical treatment .
In some patients a tube may be surgically implanted
directly into the stomach. It opens outside over the abdomen. This is called
a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy, or PEG, tube. Nutrients in the form of
liquids may be given via PEG tubes. This is useful in patients with
esophageal cancers or other pathologies that make feeding via the mouth and
esophagus difficult. These last for around two years and may be replaced
thereafter.
Children with severe malnutrition need therapy in the
hospital. This includes parenteral nutrition and slow introduction of
nutrients by mouth. Once their condition stabilises then they can gradually
be introduced to a normal diet.
|
||||||||||||
5.
|
Her
stomach does not work properly anymore and giving them normal food could make
them very ill.
|
Food
with poor quality and nutrition make the body
becomes
weaker.
|
1.What
happen to the body system?
2.What
is the treatment for this problem?
|
l
Gastroparesis is a long-term (chronic) condition where the
stomach cannot empty in the normal way. Food passes through the stomach
slower than usual.It's
thought to be the result of a problem with the nerves and muscles that
control how the stomach empties.If these nerves are damaged, the muscles of
your stomach may not work properly and the movement of food can slow down.
|
||||||||||||
6.
|
We
learned that malnutrition is caused when you do not eat enough food or you do
not eat right variety of food.
|
Food
pyramid is important for humans to
know
the quantity and quality of foods.
|
1.What
is the long term effect of this problem?
2.What
are the type of malnutrition?
3.How
to prevent malnutrition?
4.Does
malnutrition affect the brain or other organs?
|
l Malnutrition can lead
to the development of diseases and chronic health conditions. Long-term
effects of undernutrition include a higher risk of obesity, heart
disease and diabetes
l There
are three types of protein-energy malnutrition in children:
l Malnutrition, if left
untreated, can lead to physical or mental disability, or
even death. Children who are overweight have an increased risk for
long-term conditions and diseases, including cardiovascular disease, high
cholesterol , high blood pressure, type 2 diabetes, asthma , sleep apnea, and
certain cancers.
l A healthy
balanced diet is recommended for prevention of malnutrition. There are four
major food groups that include:
1. Bread, rice, potatoes, and other starchy foods.
2. Milk and dairy foods – Vital sources of fats and
simple sugars like lactose as well as minerals like Calcium
3. Fruit and vegetables – Vital sources of vitamins
and minerals as well as fiber and roughag
4. Meat, poultry, fish, eggs, beans and other
non-dairy sources of protein
l Muscles
and Bones
1. Posture: Muscles and
bones are needed to help keep you upright. If they are weak, you may strain
your neck, back, and shoulder muscles, causing you to feel pain.
Immune
System and Healing
1. Healing: Your body’s
nutrition influences your recovery, since wounds need energy, protein,
vitamins, and minerals to heal.
Organs
1. Brain: Nutrient
deficiencies may speed up the rate at which your brain loses neurons, which
can impair your speech, coordination, and memory.
|
||||||||||||
7.
|
Kananga
would need to get special food from the clinic.
|
Getting
more information
about
the nutritious food from the doctor for healthy lifestyle
|
1.What
kind of food is it?
|
Medicine
·
domperidone- which is taken before
eating to contract your stomach muscles and help move food along
·
erythromycin- an antibiotic that also
helps contract the stomach and may help move food along
·
anti-emetics- medicines that can help
to stop you from feeling or being sick
|
||||||||||||
8.
|
It is
not about the quantity that you eat but als the quantity.
|
A
lot of quantity foods can make person suffered by another
disease but quality foods give
more nutrients
|
1.How
do we know that our food is at the best quality?
2How an
imbalance diet affect our health?
|
l The quality of food that is acceptable to consumers
include external factors as size, shape and colour , texture and flavour.
Imbalanced diet
can lead to bone fractures, heart disease, bleeding gums and aerly death
|
||||||||||||
9.
|
Keep
breast-feeding Kananga until she is 2 years old
|
Children who are breastfeed
have a lower rate of certain
illnesses as they grow up
|
1.What
are the advantages of breast-feeding ?
|
No comments:
Post a Comment